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Maria Tănase ((:maˈri.a təˈnase); 25 September 1913 – 22 June 1963) was a celebrated Romanian singer and actress. Her music ranged from traditional Romanian music to romance, tango, chanson and operetta. Maria Tănase has a similar importance in Romania to that of Édith Piaf in France or Amália Rodrigues in Portugal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Maria Tanase )〕 In her nearly three-decade-long career, she became widely regarded as Romania's national diva, being admired for her originality, voice, physical beauty and charisma. In Romania, she is still regarded as a major cultural icon of the 20th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Institutul Cultural Român din Berlin aduce un omagiu muzical cântăreței Maria Tănase )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bălănescu Quartet aduce un tribut Mariei Tănase în Australia )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nathalie Joly )〕 Among her songs are ''Cine iubește și lasă'' (1937), ''Leliță cârciumăreasă'' (1939), ''Bun îi vinul ghiurghiuliu'' (1938), ''Doina din Maramureş'' (1956), ''Ciuleandra'' (1956) and ''Până când nu te iubeam''.〔:ro:Discografia Mariei Tănase〕 ==Biography== Born in Bucharest suburb of Cărămidarii de Jos, or Cărămidari, Maria Tănase attended Primary School number 11 from Tăbăcari. Her father, Ion Coanda Tănase, was a master gardener and a florist, also owner of a big nursery on the outskirts of Bucharest, which employed female workers from different various regions of Romania. These women, in turn, would share traditional folk songs and tales which deeply enthralled little Maria, which was to leave a permanent mark on her. She made her stage debut in Cărămidarii de Jos, at the "Ion Heliade Rădulescu" High School. In 1934, she joined the "Cărăbuş" Theatre of Constantin Tănase with the help and advice of newspaper writer Sandu Eliad, who, at that time was her partner.〔Maria Roşca, "Maria Tănase", p. 35, Editura Muzicală, Bucureşti, 1988〕 Her real debut took place on 2 June 1937 with the stage name ''Mary Atanasiu'' in the musical hall theatres, Alhambra and Gioconda. Shortly after, she started to develop a local and international following. She represented Romania at the International Exhibition in Paris in 1937, as well as at the 1939 New York World's Fair. On 20 February 1938〔Maria Roşca, "Maria Tănase", p. 38-43, Editura Muzicală, Bucureşti, 1988〕 her voice was heard for the first time on the radio. In that year, she made her first recordings for the Romanian Radio Society, which contributed to her fame. Unfortunately, these early recordings are said to have been destroyed by the "authorities" during the first months of the National Legionary State, the time when Maria Tănase was also banned from performing in public.〔Maria Roşca, "Maria Tănase", p. 89, Editura Muzicală, Bucureşti, 1988〕 During World War II, together with George Enescu, George Vraca and Constantin Tănase, she was making stage tours singing in front of soldiers injured on the battlefield. In December 1943, she sang at the Christmas festivities at the Royal Cavalry Regiment, where King Michael I of Romania, Ion Antonescu, Mihai Antonescu and all the members of the government were present as guests. In 1944 Maria Tănase took time to sing in Edmond Audran's operetta "Mascota" (The Mascot). After World War II, she performed in ''Review Ensemble'' Theatre and ''"Constantin Tănase"'' Satirical and Musical Theatre. She had parts in the plays "The Living Corpse" by Leo Tolstoy in 1945, and "Horia" by Mihai Davidoglu in 1956. In 1946 she held the main part in the musical comedy "The Hollywood Sphinx", by Ralph Benatzky. She sang in the movie "Romania" in 1947, and in 1958 she performed in both "Ciulinii Bărăganului" (The Thistles of the Bărăgan), and the short-reel film "Amintiri din Bucureşti" (Memories from Bucharest). During these years Maria was also touring a lot, she had over forty trips only to New York City. In 1952, Maria Tănase was offered a position at the Music School No. 1 in Bucharest, in the newly created traditional folk song department; 1962 found her guiding "Taraful Gorjului" (The Gorj Folk Music Band) in Târgu Jiu and the artists from "taraf", at her own request. On 1 May 1963, after a concert in Hunedoara, she was forced to cancel her tour and any other performances due to sickness. On 22 June 1963, she died of cancer. She was buried at the Bellu cemetery in Bucharest, Romania. In 1955, Maria Tănase received the State Prize and in 1957 she was honored with the medals "Ordinul Muncii" (The Order for Activity), "Premiul de Stat" (The State Award), and the title "Artistă Emerită" (Honoured Artist of the Republic) for her contributions to the arts. However, within her lifetime, she had also been fondly remembered by many Romanians as their own Edith Piaf, the legendary French singer who, like Maria, had also achieved worldwide fame by way of her own extensive repertoire of French cabaret songs. Where Maria was born in September 1913, Edith Piaf's birth came a couple of years soon afterward, in December 1915. They both died in 1963: Maria died in June, three months short of her 50th birthday, whereas Edith Piaf died in October, two months away from her 48th. Throngs of people had filled the streets of Bucharest and Paris respectively, on the days of their deaths, to memorialize the two ladies who helped make the folk music of their own respective countries a worldwide phenomenon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maria Tănase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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